Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major medical problem throughout the world. Diabetes causes an array of long-term systemic complications that have considerable impact on the patient as well as society, as the disease typically affects individuals in their most productive years.^[1] An increasing prevalence of diabetes is occurring throughout the world.^[2] In addition, this increase appears to be greater in developing countries. The etiology of this increase involves changes in diet, with higher fa...

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major medical problem throughout the world. Diabetes causes an array of long-term systemic complications that have considerable impact on the patient as well as society, as the disease typically affects individuals in their most productive years.^[1] An increasing prevalence of diabetes is occurring throughout the world.^[2] In addition, this increase appears to be greater in developing countries. The etiology of this increase involves changes in diet, with higher fa...

OCULAR EFFECT OF SYSTEMIC DISEASES: THE HYPERTENSIVE AND DIABETIC RETINOPATHIES.

The epidemiological pattern and distribution of Hypertension and diabetes is changing in the developing world, particularly as dietary patterns become more and more westernized. With the attendant increase in the prevalence of these two diseases, ocular involvement becomes more frequently seen in clinical practice. It is important therefore for the optometrist to be able to identify early and advanced ocular sig...